In 1889 Britain was all like, because we're an island nation with a far-flung empire, it's essential we have a kick-ass navy. They developed the two power standard, which was . . . their navy had to be the same size as the next two most powerful navies in the world combined (i.e. those of France and Russia).
So Britain had this awesomely powerful navy.
THEN in 1896 Grand Admiral von Tirpitz of Germany decides to biuld up and expand the German navy. Principle: build a navy powerful enough that it would deter Britain because any attempt to destroy it would be too costly to risk.
Britain: WTF GERMANY'S EXPANDING HER NAVY? When she's already got Europe's most powerful army? I see no reason for this! This smells like a threat to British security! Wtf!
Tensions mounted. In 1906 Britain suggested mutual naval limitations. However Germany wanted a guarantee of British neutrality in any future European war. Britain refused, as she was wary/scared of German expansionism.
In 1905 Britain comes out with the Dreadnought class battleship. It outpaces and outguns all other battleships then in existence. It runs on steam turbine engines which allow it to run at 21.6 knots per hour and it follows Vittorio Cuniberti's "all big gun" concept - that the ideal battleship has no intermmediate guns, just big ones.
BUT instead of strengthening Britain's naval position, the introduction of the Dreadnought weakens it because it renders every pre-Dreadnought in the fleet REDUNDANT/OBSOLETE. Furthermore, when Germany starts building Dreadnought class ships of her own, the naval race is even as they are starting from the same position.
Yeah, jeeeez.
EVENTUALLY AT 1914 BRITAIN WINS THE DREADNOUGHT RACE.
I'm not going to spew out the numbers bc they'll take up valuable space in my head which I need for other stuff.
Yeah I have this aptitude for remembering slightly non-necessary things. Like the knot speed.
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