CHEMICALS + INDICATORS, aka the stupid thing I missed out in in class which seems to crop up often in exams or something

STARCH
indicator = iodine
no heat involved in test
positive result: blue-black/purple
negative result: yellow-brown, no colour change

GLUCOSE
indicator = Benedict's solution
heat - heat in water bath using a Bunsen burner
positive: orange-red
negative: pale blue, no colour change

PROTEIN
indicator = Biuret's test (what an annoying name to remember hahah) which is 5 drops of dilute sodium hydroxide and 3 drops of copper sulfate
no heat
positive: purple
negative: pale blue, no colour change

LIGNIN
indicator = 3 drops of toluidine blue
no heat
positive: blue-green
negative: pale blue, no colour change

CHLORIDE IONS
indicator = 3 drops silver nitrate
no heat
positive: white precipitate forms
negative: no precipitate



-
now if only the rest of my revision was little bits of seems-like-trivia like this hmmm
IF THIS DOESN'T COME UP IN THE EXAM AT ALL
//////raeg


OKAY FINISHED MAKING NOTES FOR
+ 8.2 -  A Local Ecosystem; and
+ 8.3 - Patterns in Nature


FUCK YEAH
...victory profanity. you were expecting it. i knew you were, or at least . . . you were if you're a regular reader of this blog / know me IRL . . . or something